revelation Essay -- essays research papers

Waiting room is a place where most of story is developed. With Mrs. Turpin’s appearance, this room is turned to one small society which has variety of social class, genders, ages, and skin colors. People are classified by the view of rich white woman. Her view of human is very simple; ‘niggers’ who are divided into bottom group, ‘white-trash’, sometimes even worse than niggers, and home and land owners like herself. All kind of people can be assessed by two criteria – Color and wealth. This was common view to assess people after the civil war, the period when racism still remained and material things began to be important with industrialization. In terms of racism, after the civil war, African-Americans were not slavers and should not be treated as slavers anymore. However, both white peo...

Exegetical Analysis of Colossians Essay -- essays research papers fc

Scripture Paragraph Text: Colossians 1:24 – 2:5 Book Purpose: Paul’s purpose in writing this book is to teach against the false teaching’s being taught there. The main theme of the book is that Jesus Christ is God and the only true way to heaven. Subject of Paragraph: Sacrificial Service for Christ Scriptural Context:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Immediate: The Passage before this one deals with the Supremacy of Christ. It tells that Christ is God and how he reconciled us to him. The passage after this one deals with living in him. It tells of the fullness that can be found in him. Paul also writes of our forgiveness and how he was triumphant over the cross. Basically Paul tells us of the freedom we have in Christ.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Book Context: The passage I chose deals with what we need to do as Christian’s. It also tells of the labor we will face for Christ. I think it is meant to be an encouragement to stay strong in the faith. The book of Colossians to me relates to the passage I chose by the way it flows. It seems to flow in an orderly fashion. It starts with the explanation of how Christ is Supreme and the proof of His Deity. Paul then transitions to telling about what he has gone through for the gospel and how he is compelled to labor for the Gospel. From there he goes into the freedom we have in Christ and how we are made alive in him. Paul then goes on to give us rules for Holy living. He also instructs us on how to run a Christian household. He...

Israel P.L.O. Peace Treaty Essay -- Middle East Politics Political Ess

Israel P.L.O. Peace Treaty The Middle East has always been known as the Holy Land, the land of the Bible. For centuries, prophets have walked there, nations have collided and conquerors have come and gone. While Jews claim a three thousand-year-old attachment to this ancient land, Arabs also stake their devotion. In 1993, these two peoples, involved in a tragic conflict that has lasted more than half a century, saw the possibility of a new beginning. It was called the Oslo Accord, and it transformed the political realities of the Middle East (Peres, p.2) However, there have been many turbulent events that have followed the signing of the Accord, events that have undermined the agreement and are threatening to drive Israelis and Arabs apart once again. Since the founding of Israel in 1948, there has been continuous conflict between Israel and the Arab states. This conflict has been marked by six bloody wars. In 1867, during the six-day war of Syria, Jordan and Egypt, Israel captured the West Bank, Sinai and the Gaza strip. Subsequently, a population of over a million Palestinian Arabs, together with their land was now under Israeli control. (Spencer, p.70) It was during this time that a Palestinian leader emerged, Yasser Arafat. Labeled a terrorist by Israel and the United States, he and his Palestine Liberation Organization called for the eviction of Israel from the occupied territories by force of arms. In 1979, Israel returned Sinai to Egypt by a peace treaty. Although Egypt’s Prime Minister Anwar Sadat was assassinated in 1982 by anti-peace forces, the peace still remained between the two countries. This paved the way for negotiations with Jordan, Syria, and the Palestines. (Hunter, p.17-20) However, Israel’s continued occupation of the Palestinian territories led to the uprising of Arab youth in the West Bank and Gaza, known as the Intifada. For the Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza, the Intifada provided them with a new and assertive Palestinian identity. Israelis were also growing tired of their roles as occupiers, as soldiers trained to defend their country in war were finding themselves aiming their weapons at rock throwing teenagers. Many Israelis were disillusioned and desperately eager for a solution. When the United States and Russia initiated talks in Madrid and Washington at the end of the Cold War, it seemed that peace was at... ...alestinians a path of opportunities has been shown. It is a difficult path, but unless it is pursued, generations might pass before anyone will attempt such a peace process again. Works Cited: â€Å"Chronology of Bombing Attacks Following September 1993 Accord†. www.Nando.com, 1996. â€Å"Chronology of PLO-Israeli Peace Moves†. www.Newsobserver.com, 1995. Corelli, Rae. â€Å"Days of Reckoning† in Maclean’s Magazine p.34-35. Toronto, Canada: Maclean Hunter Limited. September 5, 1996 Finkelstein, Norman G. The Rise and Fall of Palestine- A Personal Account of the Intifada Years. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996. Hunter, Robert F. The Palestinian Uprising. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1995. â€Å"Israel Mourns Bombing Victims†. www.nando.com, 1996. Peres, Shimon. The New Middle East. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1995. Silver, Eric. â€Å"A Martyr to Peace† in Maclean’s Magazine p.26-28. Toronto, Canada: Maclean Hunter Limited. November 13, 1995 Spencer, Dr. William. The Middle East. Connecticut: The Dushkin Publishing Group, Inc., 1994 â€Å"U.S. Envoy Organizes Top Israeli, PLO Meeting†. www.lycosnews.com, October, 1997

Hamer V Sidway

Case Brief I – Hamer v Sidway Without a complete and detailed background, Hamer v Sidway involved an uncle promising his nephew a lump sum of money if the nephew could refrain from drinking alcohol, smoking, swearing, and gambling until his 21st birthday. The nephew fulfilled his end of the promise, and the uncle acknowledged that the nephew had rightfully earned the money but asked if he could hold the money in the bank until the nephew was responsible enough to care for it.The uncle died however, and Hamer, the party with legal claim to the money was denied payment by the executor of the will, Sidway. Sidway argued that the $5000 was without consideration because the nephew had benefited from the actions he undertook to receive the award. There were two specific legal questions that were brought before the court. One being whether or not the nephew and uncle officially and legally agreed upon this promise, and the second being the careful examination of the definition of con sideration in regards to a contract.Under investigation the court did find that the contract was binding on a certain date between the two related parties. The findings in relevance to consideration are explained below in correlation with the ruling. Originally Hamer, the plaintiff, recovered at trial, but the judgment was reversed upon appeal by Sidway. When Hamer appealed to the Court of Appeals of New York, he, the plaintiff, eventually won the suit after careful review. The court’s reasoning for the decision was based upon the examination of consideration.Sidway had denied payment on the account that the nephew had benefited from the actions taken, regardless of his uncle’s proposal, and that the promisor, his uncle, was not benefited in any way. The court however was less concerned with whether the promisee happened to benefit from the proposal, but more concerned with how the nephew had given up his legal rights to drink alcohol, smoke tobacco, swear, and gamble in accordance with the contract.They ruled that, â€Å"consideration means not so much that one party is profiting as that the other abandons some legal right to the present, or limits his legal freedom of action in the future, as an inducement for the promise of the first. † It was confirmed that the nephew did give up these legal rights, and fully performed the conditions imposed. As mentioned above, the court ruled in favor of the plaintiff, Hamer, on behalf of the nephew.

Mitigation Strategies Essay

Human Population   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As the human population in the world continues to geometrically grow, it has put a lot of pressure on the arid land, biological resources, energy and water to supply food in adequate amount while maintaining the integrity of the world ecosystem. According to the figures that were recently released by the united nation environment plan (UNEP) and World Bank there is a great imbalance between the human population and natural resources.   The environment has it is now, cannot bear this pressure. With the increase in human population land has been cleared to pave way for human settlement, human have settled in water catchments areas,   the rate of air pollution has also increased, Global warming is also on the rise. This paper is going to look at how human population causes desertification (environmental problem), how desertification affects the both the flora and fauna, the paper will try to establish and evaluate some strategies and that are in place to try solve the problem of desertification, the paper will also outline the plan of reaching sustainability the paper will conclude by looking at the required government, societal, and global support to overcome desertification. Detailed description of Desertification   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Desertification refers to the slow encroachment of desert condition to a once fertile land. Some scholars have also defined desertification as the degradation of fertile land in sub humid and arid area, that occurs primarily because of human activities such as clearing of forest, destruction of water catchments areas and air pollution and it is influenced by the variations in the climatic conditions. The major effect of desertification is the loss of the productivity capacity of the land and loss of biodiversity. (Christopher 2007 page 123) Causes of desertification Desertification mainly occurs because of the climatic variations that are mainly caused by human activities. Desertification is caused by the following factors: deforestation, global warming, overgrazing, destruction of Ozone Layer, over cultivation, over drafting of underground water, and increase in the frequency of fire. Generally the main cause of desertification is the over exploitation of land by man (human). The paper is going to discus in details how these factors contribute to desertification. Over cultivation – with the growth of human population, there is need for more food. This makes man to start over cultivating land. Whenever land is over cultivated, the nutrient content in the farm becomes depleted at a very faster rate. The depletion of nutrient makes the land to be in fertile hence resulting into desertification. (Oesterheld eta l 2006 page 770) Over drafting of underground water – underground water refers to any water that lies below the earth’s surface such as boreholes, springs and well. With the increase in human population, the percentage of water being withdrawn from the underground water is also on the rise. This is likely to interfere with the hydrological cycle of water. Over drawing water from the underground sources is also likely to deplete the water in the aquifer, with the depletion of water in the aquifer the roots of trees are likely to miss water, because of the low moisture contents. This makes it hard for trees and other vegetations to survive and with time, the land will be bear, and desert condition is likely to encroach. (Oesterheld eta l 2006 page 774) Soil erosion – it refers to the carrying away of the top fertile soil by water or wind. As the human population increases, the human beings get to clear tree for them to settle hence leaving the top fertile soil exposed. The exposure of the top fertile soil to factors like wind, and water makes the soil; to be eroded. This (soil erosion) result into soil infertility which causes desertification given that the soil will not be able to support the growth of vegetation. (Oesterheld eta l 2006 page 761) Global warming – it is the increase in temperature of the earth surface and of the ocean. Global warming at times is also known as Climate change. It is mainly caused by the increase of carbon dioxide gas, water vapor, methane and ozone. And other green house gases (Tetra – Chloro fluorine, Chlorine, fluorine. and Bromine) in the atmosphere. For the last one hundred years the temperature of the earth has risen drastically at a mean of 0.74 °C   for the year ended 2006. The main factors that have contributed to the increase are: anthropogenic gas emission by the green house effect, volcanic eruption, and solar variation. When the concentration of these gases in the atmosphere increases, the heat energy being reflected back into the earth also increases. This changes the weather pattern hence resulting into desertification. (Hughes 2006 page 28) Deforestation – refers to the cutting down of forest. Deforestation is the major factor that causes desertification. As the human population grows, the human can trees for them to get timber, land, and other raw material. The cutting of trees without replacing them increases the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, this result into global warming, which causes desertification. Deforestation also exposes the top fertile soil to soil erosion, with soil erosion the soil fertility is likely to decrease hence resulting in desertification. (Hughes 2006 page 28) Overgrazing– with the growth of human population, many of them are likely to keep many livestock on a small piece of land. Overgrazing leaves the top fertile soil exposed to erosion. Whenever there is soil erosion, the soil won’t be able to bear vegetation hence leading to desertification.   Livestock also pounds on the soil using their hooves, compacting of the substrate increases the proportion of fine materials present in the soil hence increasing the rate of water and wind erosion. (Hughes 2006 page 30) Impacts of desertification Loss of land productivity – with the encroachment of the desert conditions the soil become infertile hence making it unproductive. A land that is not productive cannot bear the vegetation growth. Reduction of agricultural yields – in places where the productivity of land has gone down because of desertification the amount and the quality of the agricultural yield will also reduce, given that plants need nutrients to be able to produce products of high quality. Reduction in agricultural yield has also resulted into starvation and poverty. As it is now in sub Saharan Africa where the rate of desertification is high the countries are facing severe drought as a result of the encroachment of desert conditions. (Oesterheld eta l 2006 page 776) Extinctions of some species of flora and fauna- Animals and some plants   living in very cold areas have already started to die, because of melting of the ice due to the encroachment of desert in the once fertile lands has   resulting into the death of many species. Other impacts of desertification include: Impoverishment of natural vegetation, Water scarcity, Poverty, starvation and Receding ground water level. Evaluation of current sustainability strategies and solutions   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Currently there are several sustainability strategies and solutions that many countries in partnership with UNEP and other non governmental organization have put in place   these include: the government has put in place a global monitoring satellite this has help us to understand the devastating effects of desertification, the government has reignited its campaign against desertification by encouraging people to do research, UNEP has also funded many smaller NGOs, whom have been charged with the responsibility of teaching communities about the causes and the repercussions of desertification lastly some counties has gone ahead and encourage its citizens to carry out birth control. Table Plan of reaching sustainability Action Items (in the correct order)    Actions Steps Timeline Research and identify how human population causes of desertification Review journals, book and websites dealing with desertification.    Identify and document the various causes of desertification.    Develop a documentary showing the various causes of desertification.    26 days       21 days          14 days Research the impact of desertification on the environment and the human being Taken a trip to North Africa where the rate of desertification is high due to human population.    Identify and document the various effects of desertification.    Develop a documentary showing the various effects of desertification.    90days Develop an education program about the adverse effects of desertification Come up with a presentation showing why the program is needed and include desertification, its impact (both positive and negative), changes that are needed to reverse the situation, the benefits of these changes needed and lastly the challenges that will be faced while trying to implement the proposed changes 76 days Schedule a presentation day and time Attend the world environmental day in the community/Country and present the benefits in the most appropriate manner to the environment department    Request the state environment department to add my presentation to the next year’s agenda. If possible it should be the theme for next year environmental week. Document the visual and audio materials required for the presentation of my topic       18 days Identify and invite all the stakeholders Tally the number of the expected attainders Advertise in press and in banners informing people about theme of the environmental week and what will be presented 10 days Present my topic to the stakeholder and convince them about the benefits of mitigating desertification Present to the audience the causes, effects and measure that can be taken to mitigate desertification 1 day Ensure that the government and all the stakeholders has adopted the mitigation measure   for desertification that I had proposed Advice the people charged with implementing the mitigation measures Ensure that whatever is to been implemented is implemented using the most efficient and effective way 16 months Make a follow up to see the effectiveness of my proposed mitigation measures. Collect data in the community a bout any positive or negative changes that they have noticed since implementation of the project 13 days       Benefits my plan   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     If the plan is followed without being altered it is expected that the rate of desertification will reduce with more than fifteen percent annually this is likely to reverse the currents effects of desertification.   If the plan is successful implemented the following be noticed: amount of agricultural yield is likely to increase, the rate at which some species are vanishing will reduce, the natural vegetation wont be impoverished, there will be more water, the rate of poverty and starvation is likely to reduce. Challenges to my plan The plan might not go as smooth as it expected, because of the following: there might be some financial problem given that to be successful I must have the necessary resources need. the second challenge that the plan might face is lack of cooperation from the stakeholders particularly those in the timber industry who might have the perception that all these are meant to deny them an opportunity of excelling in whatever business that they are doing, lastly the plan might be changed because of natural disasters like hurricane, sickness and other unforeseen circumstances. Required government, societal, and global support   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The government, NGOs and other stakeholders can actually help to reclaim the lands that have already become deserts in areas where there are sand dunes they should cover them with petroleum or large boulders, this will prevent the sand dunes from rolling away. The stakeholders should fund more researches concerning the effect of human population to the environment. This will encourage many scientists to venture into this field. The government should also run awareness campaign to encourage its citizens to co exist with the environment and to discourage them from having many children lastly the stakeholders should to the people the impact of desertification to the environment so that they can appreciate and change. Reference:    Christopher H 2007 desertification impacts assessment of Egypt international journal of environmental studies page 165 –page 201 Hughes L.2006. â€Å"Principles of Environmental Engineering† oxford press page 28- 32 Oesterheld M, Paruelo J & Veron S ( 2006) â€Å"Assessing desertification†   Journal of Arid Environment, Volume Number 66 4th Issue Elsevier Limited page 751 – page 776   William. R. 2008. â€Å"What does the feature hold for our environment† Washington Post March issue page 24

Asian Agri and the future of Palm oil Essay

Is Tanoto correct that palm oil has a bright future? Tanoto is correct that palm oil – aka the â€Å"golden corp† of Southeast Asia – has a bright future. It is very economic to be produced, due to its high yield and low cost of production compared with production of other edible oils. With higher economic growth, the demand for food and fuel is rapidly growing in the Asian countries of India and China. So, it is likely that we see a similar positive effect on the demand for Palm oil. Additionally, in today’s world, there are health concerns regarding the rise in the use of trans-fat. This has led consumers and packaged goods to companies limit its use. The increasing health consciousness has would contribute to increased use of this commodity as palm oil is trans-fat free. Furthermore, with increasing requirement for biodiesel, palm oil could well become an important part of the renewable fuel and play a vital role in the energy business. If yes, how should Asian Agri strengthen its position? If no, what should Yeo’s strategy be? If unclear, what could Yeo do to improve the global use of palm oil? I think due to the increasing role that palm oil has to play in the global economy, Asian Agri should strengthen its position in the industry and promote the global use of palm oil. They could do this through: Sustainable Production Asian Agri should aggressively stimulate the use of sustainable palm oil. They can do this by keeping to the set of economic, environmental, legal, and social standards set, in the production process of palm oil. Since sustainability will be an important factor for the company to differentiate itself from competitors and to stay strong in the industry, the company should continue to get all its â€Å"properties† certified as â€Å"sustainable†. They can also train middle managers, supervisors and workers on sustainable palm oil production. Expansion With palm oil demand rising, Asian Agri should continue to expand their plantation size. Although there are visible difficulties to acquire land in Indonesia, the company should not desert their expansion plans. I feel that it will be a good choice to diversify geographically, predominantly to countries in Africa and South America where land is abundant. This helps the company to diversify risk both politically and financially. It makes good financial sense to not put all their eggs in one basket – Indonesia, and good political sense as political instability or riots are a very real possibility in Indonesia. Additionally, by growing its trading and sourcing operations, Asian Agri can derive more value from its market expertise and refining activities. This will help the company to establish direct linkages with its customers at the destination market. This could also help reduce supply chain related expenses for of the company. Marketing and Promotion I think Asian Agri can undertake more marketing and promotional activities, which could help them increase market share. They can play off the fact on health advantages that palm oil has over other edible oils. The point that palm oil is trans-fatâ€Å"` free can be put to good use in the marketing campaign, which will help address increasing concerns of trans fat consumption. They can do this through advertisements, usage of social media, and distribution of brochures that will help educate customers. With projections indicating that global palm oil production would nearly double by 2020, it makes sense that Asian Agri to be proactive in its expansion, marketing and promotional plans. Although we recognize the rising anxiety from environmental NGOs and other challenges, the fact remains that palm oil business has very high potential, given sustainable production and good promotion.

Human and New Surgical Tools

Countless inventions have improved the quality of human life and made previously inconceivable notions possible. In some cases (such as the washing machine), they reduce the drudgery of day-to-day tasks. In others (such as the motion picture), they allow people to engage in new forms of artistic expression. Many inventions actually save human lives, such as new surgical tools and medical vaccines.With the science scientist invented the computer now everywhere we need and we are using computers, computers become a friendly in our nature that we can do anything from echnologies so I want to conclude that science is a boon not a bane if we use in a proper way. Science has invented marvellous machines and discovered energies that run these machines to take the drudgery out of man's work. By doing much of his work and doing it fast, machines have provided man with a lot of leisure. The rosy dream of an easy and luxurious life has come true for him. Distance has been conquered.Modern means of transport and communication have made the Modern means of transport and communication has made the world a global village. Men nd things and news and views can go around the globe today with lightening speed. Internet has brought people of the world together and brought about a revolution in the fields of information and communication. Man has already landed on the moon and man- made satellites have made voyages through the solar system. Our life has become healthier and longer. Modern hygiene, sanitation, medicine and surgery are conquering more and more physical and mental illness with each passing day.We now know and experience the Joys of good health and longevity. Through the inema, the radio, the tape recorder, the TV and the video, science has worked wonders in the fields of education and entertainment. Though we welcome these blessings of science, we have to consider the other side of the picture also. Man has not been able to face the problems created by the inventions of science and to stop the misuse or harmful consequences of scientific inventions. Factories have polluted the water and the atmosphere. They have caused noise pollution.Industrialization has led to slums in which human beings live a degraded life in the midst of filth and qualor. We have allowed science to master us instead of keeping it our servant. Medical inventions have, led to the pollution explosion and the consequent miseries. Again, science has put in our hands terrible weapons such as the nuclear bombs, the guided missiles and the means of chemicals and biological warfare. We are in danger of destroying ourselves with these monstrous means that ironically are our own creations. Rightly used science can bring heaven on earth. Wrongly used, it can turn this earth into hell.