Japan vs. US economy essays

Japan vs. US economy essays The primary purpose of the economic activity is to benefit consumer while maximizing wealth creation; while the distribution of that wealth is of secondary importance. 1. U.S economy is approaching Neoclassical model in which individuals are assumed to maximize their own private interest, and business enterprise are expected to maximize profits which result in a powerful proconsumption bias and insensitivity to the social welfare impact of economic activities. - market are competitive and competition should be promoted through antitrust and other policies. - almost any economic activity is permitted - economy is open to the outside world 2. US economy also considered as a system of managerial capitalism. The economy was transformed from a proprietary capitalism to one dominated by large oligopolistic corporations. 1. Authority over the economy is alienated among the executive, legislative and judicial branches of the federal government and between the federal government and the fifty states for example the responsibility of financial system is shared by the Treasury, the federal reserve and several other powerful and independent federal agencies which strongly affected by actions of the legislative and judicial branches of the government. In addition, the fifty states contest the authority of the federal government over economic policy and implement important policies of their own. 2. Another influence of the American state in the economy is the tension between private and public sector. Not only does the adversarial relationship between gov. and business in the US make cooperation very difficult, but their mutual suspicions are reflected in American politics. Whereas political conservative reject any strong role for the state in the economy, political liberals are fearful that private business interest will capture government program in order to feather their own nest, which consequently will produce po ...

How is the Theme of Relationships explored in Gillian Clarkes Catrin, another Clarke Poem and Two Heaney Poems Essays

How is the Theme of Relationships explored in Gillian Clarkes Catrin, another Clarke Poem and Two Heaney Poems Essays How is the Theme of Relationships explored in Gillian Clarkes Catrin, another Clarke Poem and Two Heaney Poems Paper How is the Theme of Relationships explored in Gillian Clarkes Catrin, another Clarke Poem and Two Heaney Poems Paper Essay Topic: Literature Relationships can be portrayed through biological links, friendships and bonds between subjects of connotations and meaning. The intention of both poets is mainly to portray the strengths and weaknesses behind all bonds and the effect they encompass on the reader. Poets have the power to create, transform and enlighten upon a subject that may seem appropriate, but a relation amid love and hate can neither create nor destroy; the power of emotion will never subside through poetry. The exploration of Clarke and Heaneys poems will later be discovered when travelling the rendered emotions of Catrin, Baby-sitting, Follower and Death of a Naturalist. The mentioned poets use their personal experiences and perform the meaning of them using a conversion of techniques and influences. This is to enhance the importance to the reader of the purpose of the poem. Amongst the stated poems, the theme of biological and non-biological relationships can be declared as a core factor for the strength and duration of a bond. Clarkes Catrin is structured as an image of a tug-of-war between mother and baby, whilst resembling the struggle of the love for one another and what binds mother and baby together. The tight/ Red rope of love which we both fought over foreshadows this idea. The depth of explanatory vision can be seen as the umbilical cord which is later cut at birth creating an image of separation and division alongside the child becoming independent. All mothers face times when separation would benefit their child, but the safety and dangers that may be confronted, form a barrier for this dependency. The struggle faced in this maternal relationship, hold powerful emotions and deep-felt feelings From the hearts pool. The poem introduces a personal quality with the title Catrin but is then not mentioned again throughout the poem. This can be represented as a very personal relationship that does not have the need to direct but contain an unmentioned bond. However it could also resemble a relationship between any particular mother and child, giving the poem a sense of universality. The language used is simple and recognisable, which indicates the simple sincere emotions that are intended to be conveyed through the poem. The poems structure is two unbalanced stanzas, both performed in the past and present; an emphasis of how the relationship is still as intense from birth. A similar relationship based on a father: son bond is Heaneys Follower where Heaney both literally and metaphorically followed his father. The basic six stanza poem represent a clear division between father and son; three stanzas each. Heaney states how he imitates his father, following in his fathers footsteps, enhancing the biological bond and respect Heaney has for his father. Also, throughout the poem, the correct agricultural language can be found, highlighting the need Heaney felt to praise his father with respect as well as knowledge of his profession, and the future Heaney longed to pursue. The mother and child maternal bond can be perceived in Clarkes poem, Baby-sitting. Here, a non-biological bond of the strengths and adoration of a natural mother and child bond is shown to be instinctive between the characters but has occurred naturally and the anxiety Clarke feels towards another child she does not know. To be enchanted by your own babys breathe is a natural and maternal sentiment however, Clarke describes that there will be no chemistry or familiarity between them. The finality of this poem can be seen as indefinite for it suggests both literally that no milk will come but also a metaphor of how the motherly milk-familiar comforting, the connection will not come therefore she cannot totally provide for the child. The feeling of adoration between relations, friendships and subjects is described through many of the Clarke and Heaney poems studied. In Heaneys poem Follower, utter adoration and admiration is portrayed through Heaneys ability to use correct agricultural lexis of ploughing terms such as wing and sock. Heaney describes how both literally and metaphorically he followed his father. Heaney states he recalls his admiration for his father and using contrast to note how the young Heaney wanted to grow up and plough. To compare, Heaneys Death of a Naturalist represents his attitudes to the natural world in his childhood and his interest and appreciation towards nature, enhancing a passion inside him yearning for a great future. He receives encouragement from his teacher supporting and educating him on the subject of nature which he so fondly adores. Therefore in return he gives Miss Walls respect and esteem whilst quoting her on the knowledge learnt. Heaney wrote this poem with confidence, explaining with knowledge the process of how he took the frogspawn, placed them in jam pots and observed nature taking its toll. By using vocabulary to describe the pleasant as well as objectionable things such as festered, rotted, slobber, and slime kings shows young Heaney felt comfortable seeing nature close up, but perhaps he didnt fully understand the flaws in nature, as referring to reproduction focused on the mammy and daddy frog. Heaney accounts for his adventurous, inspirational but flawed childhood; this is in contrast to Clarkes more motherly approach to her somewhat misfortunate adulthood. Her Baby-sitting account resembles how her maternal relationship with the child is much stronger than any other could be. Even though to some extent the mentioned child disgusts her, Clarke introduces qualities that depict an ideal infant as pretty and appealing, roseate and bubbling and fair. However, she uses a statement foreshadowing quite a selfish outlook and to some degree insulting, when depicting the child of a perfectly acceptable child. Clarkes poem has no obvious metre, using short lines and limited use of metaphors and stresses. Baby-sitting can be seen to portray a specific event which anyone can relate to, but to explore a key difference between a motherly concern for another and a powerful, instinctive reaction to an unfamiliar happening. A relationship can be strong and well-built on a connection or a familiar bond correlating between the two. A relationship may last only for a moment, days, months, years or even last a life-time. Nevertheless, to become separate is to become distant from one another and through these poems, it can be found as a tangible bond that must be cut a tight red rope of love, or just be by age or differences which divide the two. Throughout Catrin, the struggle of separation, to be two is seen flowing fluid through each line however; there is no cause for the separation. Through birth and through time, the mother and child fight over the tight red rope if love and still, to prevent the distance between the two ever causing complete partition, she states she still fights, for the love is still as intense from birth. Within the poem, oddments of independence begin, but the old rope will surely keep them safe. However, a relationship may never truly fortify as neither one nor the other will love. Clarkes Baby-sitting explores an event that could belong to anyone. It depicts a strong need for replacement or a substitute, which can cause grief and a failure to enchantment. The opening of the poem explicates simply of the situation, however describing the baby as wrong. The baby can surely not be blamed but for Clarkes immediate assumptions, she fears what will shortly awake. She is scared to be hated by this child, to fear the hot midnight rage. The babys running nose will disgust her and the babys perfume of breath is purely a comparison against her own babys breath, whose does enchant her. The second stanza introduces the thought of abandonment. However, this separation, this desertion or rejection of the baby is depicted as far worse than that of the lover cold in lonely sheet. The baby will expect milk-familiar comforting but she will not find it. The love and interest for something, the power of a passion inside of you should never really die, but when obstructions hit or a barrier stops you from your dream, to grow apart from it may seem the only way. Heaney depicts his childhood adoration of nature in Death of a Naturalist, with a longer first stanza informing the reader upon his adventures and interest and knowledge on the seasonal process of frogs. Every spring Heaney would fill jampotfuls of his devotion to nature, only to find an experience of growing up to end this fantasy. Heaney hits realisation of growing up to feel threatened by nature, to not have power over its beauty and the feeling of his passion dying, to have to compromise and never fulfil his dream. The shorter second stanza creates a semantic field of war with expressions of anger, invasion, aggression, violence, rage, vengeance and mud grenades. Heaney feels rejected by something he once loved; he was invaded by something threatening and unfamiliar. He lost his passion in nature. Overall relationships can be discovered in all of the stated poems. The main theme mentioned is the maternal bond between parent and child. This is specifically highlighted in Catrin, in which the maternal bond remains strong and sturdy. However this bond is deemed to have been broken at birth, by the cutting of the umbilical cord, but this is only the physical bond, whereas the emotional bond will remain between the two forever.

English - Writing Directions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

English - Writing Directions - Essay Example The following flow chart will help to clarify the actions that will be described: Choose a paint color and buy it ? set up the equipment and lay down the drop cloths ?put blue tape for delicate surfaces against all the edges ? use an angled brush to outline all the close edges ? open the can and stir the paint ? use a roller brush to fill in all the spaces in an X pattern After considering this flow chart, these are the directions. Instructions for Painting a Wall Painting a wall can be a source of achievement and pride when the room looks dingy and needs to be made to look fresh and alive. The area around the wall should be cleared away so that access to all portions is made convenient and clear of items that could be in the way. Equipment must either be gathered or purchased, so the first thing to do once the wall area is clear is to make a list of everything that is needed, including the paint. Choosing the paint color is the first step in deciding to paint a wall. This can be don e before the process begins or during the initial step as the equipment is being gathered. The wall will need to be taped off so that the edge beyond what is desired painted is protected. A two inch angled brush is used to paint near the tape, allowing for a clean edge that has not bled into the space that is not desired to be painted. The walls are then rolled in an x pattern so that there are no roller marks. When this is done, it is allowed to dry and then the tape removed in order to check for bleeds. The equipment is cleaned up and the room put back into order. The following instructions will outline exactly how to do each of the steps involved in painting a wall. 1. The first step in painting a wall is in clearing away the items around the space in front of the wall. This means that there should be enough room in front of the wall to put up a ladder. The ladder should allow access to every space of the wall that will be painted 2. The second step is to make a materials list, g ather what is already on hand and go purchase the materials that are yet needed. Steps one and two are interchangeable, but it can be preferable to have my work space clear and to see exactly what will be required for the job. 3. A basic materials list includes screwdrivers, spackle, blue delicate surface tape, two inch angle brush, roller pan, roller, roller head, and ladder. Do not forget the paint! 4. The third step is to choose the paint color, again interchangeable with steps 1 and 2. A paint color can be chosen long before the job will be done or during the trip to the store when all other materials needed will be purchased. One method of choosing a paint color is gathering paint sample cards from a store and taping them to the wall. There are many ways to choose a color and that will be up to the buyer. When purchasing materials, purchase the paint and it is recommended to use one of the new paints that have primer in them in order to get good coverage on the wall. 5. Once th e materials are brought to the site of the wall they must be organized. First, tools required to take off electrical plates and to fix any holes in the wall should go to one side of the wall away from the painting equipment and placed securely away from the wall so they can be grabbed, but not in the way. The floor should be covered with drop cloths to protect it from spills and drops that might damage

Risk adjusted discount rate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Risk adjusted discount rate - Essay Example When considering a business investment of large sums of money within a long term project, it is an important objective to ensure that the money received over the life of the project is higher that the initial cost of investment. In deciding on the investment to undertake time is the most essential factor, followed by the amount of cash going in and out of the business. In some cases, an investment is made not to generate more cash but to make a saving on present cost. (Tony D. and Brian P. 2002, pg 458).The lay out of investments usually involve the injection of large sums of money and returns on the investment are received in a series of small amounts over an extended period of time. In addition, because large sums of money are usually involved it can be very expensive and catastrophic to pull out. Considering the loss of production and investment that can be lost from a failed investment, it is essential that investment proposals are properly screened and examined to ensure that the business uses the appropriate appraisal method. Businesses need finance or funds, both in the short-term and long-term to expand, operate their business or just survive. The business is involved in a continuous in and out flow of money by way of income and expenditure. Expenditure can either be capital expenditure, which is the payment made to acquire additional fixed assets and these fixed assets can in turn be loans made by the business or shares in another business bought by the company, as well as buildings and machinery which are usually long term. On the other hand, income can be revenue expenditures which relates to the purchase of goods and services are in use or have already been used in daily running of the business. In financing an investment a company can either use internal or external source of finance, related to the period repayment. Internal sources of finance as a long term approach are retaining profits from previous investment rather than issuing out new shares and re-investing the profit. The short term source of finance can be to increase level of creditors and reducing the stock and debtor levels. External sources of finance in the short-tem funding are short-term debts which are elements of overdrafts, loans, leases that are payable within one year and invoice discounting. Other sources of external finance are long-term which include ordinary shares or equity shares, preference shares, debentures and leases. INVESTMENT APPRAISAL ANALYSIS Capital investment appraisal methods are divided into two: firstly, those which do not take into account the time value of money and lastly, those which take into account the time value of money. METHODS WHICH DO NOT TAKE INTO ACCOUNT THE TIME VALUE OF MONEY Accounting Rate of Return (ARR) ARR is concerned with either the profit before interest and ta

African American and Conflicting Perspective Essay Example for Free

African American and Conflicting Perspective Essay Every individual has a perspective on things in life and their personal idea of the truth. These are universal concepts and are widely seen in ted Hughes poems â€Å"birthday Letters†. Birthday letters is a set of poems, said to have been written by Hughes for six years prior to his death, on his ex wife’s birthday each year this the selection of poems being called birthday letters. The selection on poems surrounds his problematic marital issues between himself and his wife Sylvia Plath. It is also to show the conflicting perspective on their relationship. This is mainly towards the criticism he received all those years after her suicide. He had been blamed for being the catalyst for her suicide/death and so began a collection of poems regarding their relationship but in some way, excusing himself and explaining that she was already on a destructive path. Through two of his poems, Fulbright scholars and the shot, an understanding of the poems have thrown lighten the concepts of conflicting perspectives. Two other complementary texts such as letters from two jima and to kill a mockingbird convey conflicting perspectives however on issues such as racial discrimination and the perspectives of an opposing country that has been marked as enemies. Fulbright scholars are the first poem in the birthday letters collection. Hughes here tries to remember how he met her and first know of her existence. He does this whilst looking at a picture that was taken at university, when he was a naive young man. He ponders about her throughout the poem trying hard to delve into his psyche hopelessly to recollect something about her when they met at a party. This can be noted by the quote â€Å"were you among them? † which refers to the picture of Fulbright scholar. In terms of conflicting perspectives, the e poem can also be seen as a text that he wrote implicating how difficult it is t recall that first meeting, however he begins to explain his perspective of Sylvia Plath. He says â€Å"your exaggerated American grin for the cameras† which referred to her as someone with false appearances. The various techniques Hughes used to convey his ideas were the use of rhetorical questions such as â€Å"were you among them? †, the repetitions of the word maybe and the use of the I persona, and metaphors such as the â€Å"first fresh peach†. Rhetorical questions he used as a means of asking himself how he met her and what she first looked like to him. The metaphor ‘delicious peach† can be said to be another way to say she was the first girl he â€Å"ever tasted†, in terms of the experience of truly liking someone who seemed special to him. Reputation is used throughout the poem of maybe can be analyzed as a way of trying to remember what he saw of her and his knowing of her existence. The I persona is an important tool in terms of Hughes alluding to the very personal nature of his reflection. The poem ‘the shot’ is also one from the collection and conveys Plath as someone different to what her fans saw her to be. As he says that she was deceitful in terms of appearance of a good and decent person/poet. In the poem, the shot is a metaphor of Plath being bullet shout out a gun. It can also e sad that Hughes thinks that he was the one shot. Hughes perspective on paths â€Å"destructive path† is one that she has always been on, saying that she was already a bullet long before she has met him. Followers of Plath as a victim view him as a catalyst for her suicide but in the poem he tries to explain that she was already suicidal as she tried to commit suicide when she was younger. The use of word â€Å"daddy† is one of great importance as it refers to her childish attachment to her father. This is also the title of her famous poem daddy. Hughes also explains that from his perspective, that he himself has become the father figure that she had ways been looking for. Overall, the concept of the two poems depict conflicting perspectives through analysis of ted Hughes’ birthday letters. The text letters from Iwo jima is similarly to birthday letters, a conflicting perspective however of the Japanese however of the Japanese soldiers during the American invasion of to two jima in ww2. It depicts their perspective throughout the turbulent time, showing that even were still human beings with the same universal feelings. Clint eastwood directed the film letters from Iwo Jima in 2006, trying to show an American or non Japanese audience their side of the story or their perspective. Here, a conflicting perspective is shown. Throughout the film, eastwood wants us to empathise with the Japanese perspective f the same terror and emotions that the Americans felt at that time too. The main character is a young Japanese soldier called saigo who is little enthused on fighting and going to war. This is all seen through techniques eastwood input such as flashbacks- which were important in the film. The audience is then able to see how the soldiers were like before the war and what it was like for them when they got conscripted. Their reflections are a huge part in their conflicting perspective and also a great important technique is the Japanese language. Eastwood used the language to give a strong sense of ethnicity and strong sense of tradition. To kill a mocking bird written by Harper lee in 1960 conveys the conflicting perspectives of the treatment of African Americans in Alabama. This conflicting perspective is seen through the eyes of a young white girl, rather than n African American person. The text shows her view o the racial discrimination against the Negroes and the treatment, prejudice and violence they receive. The event takes place that’s how a conflicting perspective is the court case scene, where an African American man is accused of raping a young white girl. The perspective here is not only through the girl, Scout Finch, but also her father Atticus finch which is the lawyer defending the accused. However he took on a case he know that with all the racial discrimination and prejudice around, he would inevitable lose. The fact that he took on the case shows a conflicting perspective of a white American man who has no prejudice against African Americans. The daughter scout finch views the situation on a different level as well as she was basically raised by African American woman and didn’t judge her, as many people did in Maycomb County. She begins to see and understand the prejudice and discrimination when the man is accused of rape as the majority people did not like his race at that time. It was seen as stereotypical to blame him for the rape. The conflicting perspective here is that the perspective o a young white American and her family on the treatment the Negroes received. It can be said that harper lee wanted the audience to challenge their beliefs and see events from the perspective of a young child who is horrified by the treatment of the Negroes.

Emerging House Husbands :: Research Sociology Home Caregivers Essays

The out-dated stereotype that men are better workers than women is now more laughed at than believed. Yet, the stereotype that women can take care of the household better than a man has not changed. Extensive research proves that â€Å"house husbands† are more popular than ever imagined; they have their own websites, groups, and how-to books. House husbands are becoming much more popular, but are they being appreciated the same as house wives were. The simple definition of a house husband is a married man who either chooses to not hold a career and assume all household responsibilities such as cooking, cleaning, bill paying, full child care, and necessary evils such as, buying stamps in the absence of their fulltime working wife. (Heiman 122) It can also be a man who does hold a career but chooses to have a â€Å"second shift† by coming home and assuming household responsibilities. At the end of 1987 15% of married men chose to become house husbands (O’Sullivan). According to the U.S. Census Bureau, there were 189,000 full-time, stay-at-home dads in 2002, up 18 percent from 1994. But dads' groups say that estimate is the result of too-restrictive criteria, and they put the number at closer to 2 million. Now, some may not consider this to be a huge leap, but take into consideration the standard of living has also grown. Also, many people still regard women as the care takers of the house, and a man assuming this job is odd and unacceptable. The option of becoming a stay at home dad might be more realistic than it seems. If a father is considering staying at home, they examine their earning power as compared to their partner's. They consider work attire (no need for power suits), as well as commuting costs (gas, wear-and-tear of the car, depreciation, extra insurance costs), daycare costs, and all the other expenses of working (Father Time). A slight repetitive blemish is embedded along with the idea of house husbands. Women statistically make less than men; even if they are working the same job. (Nair 47) Most employers well tend to give men a better income because they are traditionally the â€Å"sole bread winner for their family.† (Arendell 157) They give less to women because they believe she already has a man taking care of her and any children she has. This can easily discourage men because their well-known egos can get the best of them, especially when it comes down to the green.

Postmodernism and Multimedia Essay

The premises of postmodernism include the spread of globalization, deviation from the â€Å"universal truth†, non-linearity and flexibility and that it can be closely associated with computer technology. These premises can be found and embodied in today’s multimedia. Multimedia itself can be considered a postmodern creation because of the nonlinearity in its creation, storage and distribution especially with the advent of the World Wide Web and other technological advances (Phillips c. 2003). Multimedia is also an entertainment form that branches in different directions, deconstructing and reconstructing the experiences to suit different individual tastes. It links different sections and components, making the media more interactive and more convenient for the audience as they go through the sections of their choosing. This proves its nature true as an integration of multiple media that can multiply the impact of the message/s the multimedia would want to impart to its audiences (Pant 1999). Multimedia methodology and production itself can be said to be generally postmodern because of the technologies and the demands they need to adapt to in order to satisfy the demands of the today’s market. Postmodernism, is, thus the heart of this era’s multimedia methodology and production. The methodology and production of multimedia is a process that involves multiple steps that include conceptualization, development, preproduction, production, postproduction, and documentation with each phase being further subdivided into different activities (Pant 1999). Conceptualization and development, mostly take a linear approach (though these may become non-linear depending on the medium of technology it should be adapted to), but the preproduction, production, postproduction and documentation stages get more complicated as the multimedia reaches more audiences. This is where postmodern methods, like non-linearity, enters in. This is a case in point in movies, wherein, after the theaters, they go to the DVD. In the DVD, they get reproduced by adding commentary tracks, behind-the-scenes documentaries, deleted scenes and outtakes which involve the stages from production to documentation (Owczarski 2007). Because of the new edits to DVDs and other media such as downloadable videos, the media has been made to be more interactive with a click of a button and lends to its non-linear quality. Tied into its production and methodology, the different sections that are being inputted into the multimedia are not created linearly and are edited into the work piecemeal depending on the market’s demands and the playfulness of the media produced. The multimedia are not only transmitted through the Internet and DVD but are also being distributed non-linearly to other mediums such as the mobile phones and other devices that makes creators go back and forth in the production process making it spiral rather than linear in order to accommodate the demands of technology and the public and still having almost the same experience in the end. Flexibility is also very evident in today’s multimedia as evidenced by different mediums where they are presented in. Some of the most popular mediums are online streaming sites such as YouTube. While traditional media uses video cameras to create videos, postmodern methods use different technologies to create videos devoid of the professional touch. As stated by Ann Hornday in her study of the phenomenon of the public’s production of their own media contributions, â€Å"The mobile phone camera has introduced a whole new version of variety, delivering spontaneous, intimate, unedited footage. At their best, these slices of life – devoid of structural conceits and often of narration – transport viewers to places and situations they would never otherwise be privy to. And they can land unexpected emotional punches. No CNN report and few feature-length documentaries could capture the stark terror of a two-minute video recently uploaded to Metacafe. com, in which a U. S. Army convoy on a routine run dodges a bomb on an Iraq street† (2007). Such is the nature of today’s multimedia. Postmodernism in multimedia has expanded the experiences of audiences around the globe because of its introduction of the idea of versatility; being able to explore different environments that would otherwise be closed off to traditional media. As today’s technologies demand more portability and accessibility, multimedia has adapted to become more flexible to the growing requirements of its consumers. Some of these technologies come in the form of handheld technologies such as PDAs and mobile phones which have varying and more compact requirements. Since the requirements of these small and less complicated devices are different from those stated above, the creation of multimedia is increasingly becoming more flexibly created and recreated. With the addition of textual design in different forms of multimedia, the current technology has enabled the audience to interact with and participate in the media-making experience itself. The different technologies that have emerged has made it possible for various ways to present multimedia, regardless of proper lighting, sound and focus, and is still able make an appealing video to the audiences (Hornday 2007). This disregard for traditional means for professional multimedia creations and the non-professionalism of the publicly-made multimedia has made the postmodern movement of media an exciting experience that has made it possible for multimedia to flourish unlike other media forms. These, and other postmodern influences, has made it the most successful form of media that makes it the heart of multimedia.